SIPRI Yearbook 2021
II. Global and regional trends and developments in multilateral peace operations
Against the backdrop of two major continuing developments, the main trend of decreasing personnel figures in stable numbers of smaller multilateral peace operations endured in 2020. First, competition and disagreement between the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, as well as regional powers—particularly in the Middle East and North Africa region and sub-Saharan Africa—have continued, resulting in increased impetus for countries and organizations to show the flag, leading to further fragmentation of conflict management efforts. Second, during its final year, the administration of United States President Donald J. Trump persevered in striving for reduction of the UN peacekeeping budget—and consequently limiting personnel numbers—and the withdrawal of US forces from Afghanistan. In an environment of ongoing need for conflict management, the Covid‑19 pandemic was an additional challenge, and many operations and the organizations deploying them struggled to continue their efforts.
- Citation (MLA):
- Davis, Ian, and Jaïr van der Lijn. "2. Global developments in armed conflicts, peace processes and peace operations." SIPRI Yearbook. SIPRI. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2016. Web. 16 Feb. 2025. <https://www.sipriyearbook.org/view/9780192847577/sipri-9780192847577-chapter-002-div1-014.xml>.
- Citation (APA):
- Davis, I., & Lijn, J. (2016). 2. Global developments in armed conflicts, peace processes and peace operations. In SIPRI, SIPRI Yearbook 2021: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Retrieved 16 Feb. 2025, from https://www.sipriyearbook.org/view/9780192847577/sipri-9780192847577-chapter-002-div1-014.xml
- Citation (Chicago):
- Davis, Ian, and Jaïr van der Lijn. "2. Global developments in armed conflicts, peace processes and peace operations." In SIPRI Yearbook 2021: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security, SIPRI. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016). Retrieved 16 Feb. 2025, from https://www.sipriyearbook.org/view/9780192847577/sipri-9780192847577-chapter-002-div1-014.xml
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