I. Key general developments in the region

Chapter:

3. Armed conflict and peace processes in the Americas

Source:

SIPRI Yearbook 2022

Author(s):

Marina Caparini

Eight countries in the Americas experienced active armed conflicts in 2021 (the same as in 2020): one in North America—Mexico (high-intensity subnational armed conflict, including three armed conflicts meeting the thresholds of non-International armed conflicts (NIACs) as defined under International law), and one in the Caribbean—Haiti (low-intensity subnational armed conflict), as discussed in section II; three in Central America—El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras (all low-intensity subnational armed conflicts), as discussed in section III; and three in South America—Brazil (high-intensity subnational armed conflict), Colombia (three NIACs as well as other high-intensity subnational armed conflicts) and Venezuela (low-intensity subnational armed conflict), as discussed in section IV. Across the region as a whole, conflict-related fatalities have remained relatively constant over the past four years, though with a slight overall decline compared to 2018 (see table 3.1).