Contents

Chapter:

Source:

SIPRI Yearbook 2022

Author(s):

Stockholm International Peace Research Institute

• Preface

• Abbreviations and conventions

• SIPRI Yearbook online

• Introduction

  1. 1. Introduction: International stability and human security in 2021 Dan Smith
     1. I. Ukraine and the immediate consequences of the war
     2. II. The broader security horizon in 2021

• Part I. Armed conflict and conflict management, 2021

  1. 2. Global developments in armed conflict, peace processes and peace operations
     • Overview Ian Davis and Claudia Pfeifer Cruz
     1. I. Tracking armed conflicts and peace processes Ian Davis
     2. II. Global and regional trends and developments in multilateral peace operations Claudia Pfeifer Cruz, Jaïr van der Lijn and Timo Smit
     3. III. Table of multilateral peace operations, 2021 Claudia Pfeifer Cruz
  2. 3. Armed conflict and peace processes in the Americas
     • Overview Marina Caparini
     1. I. Key general developments in the region Marina Caparini and Ian Davis
     2. II. Armed conflict in North America and the Caribbean Marina Caparini
     3. III. Armed conflict in Central America Marina Caparini and Ian Davis
     4. IV. Armed conflict in South America Marina Caparini and Ian Davis
  3. 4. Armed conflict and peace processes in Asia and Oceania
     • Overview Ian Davis
     1. I. Key general developments in the region Ian Davis
     2. II. Flashpoints in the conflict dynamics in East Asia Fei Su
     3. III. Armed conflict and peace processes in South Asia Ian Davis and Jingdong Yuan
     4. IV. Armed conflict and peace processes in South East Asia Ian Davis
  4. 5. Armed conflict and peace processes in Europe
     • Overview Ian Davis
     1. I. Key general developments in the region Ian Davis
     2. II. Armed conflict in Ukraine and the risk of spillover to a major interstate war Ian Davis
  5. 6. Armed conflict and peace processes in the Middle East and North Africa
     • Overview Ian Davis
     1. I. Key general developments in the region Ian Davis
     2. II. Armed conflict and peace processes in Iraq, Syria and Turkey Shivan Fazil
     3. III. The Israeli–Palestinian conflict and peace process Ian Davis
     4. IV. Armed conflict and peace processes in North Africa Ian Davis
     5. V. Armed conflict and peace processes in Yemen Ian Davis
  6. 7. Armed conflict and peace processes in sub-Saharan Africa
     • Overview Ian Davis
     1. I. Key general developments in the region Ian Davis
     2. II. Armed conflict and peace processes in West Africa Annelies Hickendorff and Issaka K. Souaré
     3. III. Armed conflict and peace processes in Central Africa Ian Davis
     4. IV. Armed conflict and peace processes in East Africa Ian Davis

• Part II. Military spending and armaments, 2021

  1. 8. Military expenditure and developments in arms production
     • Overview Nan Tian
     1. I. Global developments in military expenditure, 2021 Nan Tian, Xiao Liang, Diego Lopes da Silva and Alexandra Marksteiner
     2. II. Regional developments in military expenditure, 2021 Nan Tian, Lucie Béraud-Sudreau, Xiao Liang, Diego Lopes da Silva and Alexandra Marksteiner
     3. III. Arms-producing and military services companies, 2020 Alexandra Marksteiner, Lucie Béraud-Sudreau, Nan Tian, Diego Lopes da Silva and Alexandra Kuimova
  2. 9. International arms transfers
     • Overview Siemon T. Wezeman
     1. I. Developments in arms transfers, 2017–21 Siemon T. Wezeman, Alexandra Kuimova and Pieter D. Wezeman
     2. II. Developments among the suppliers of major arms, 2017–21 Siemon T. Wezeman, Alexandra Kuimova and Pieter D. Wezeman
     3. III. Developments among the recipients of major arms, 2017–21 Siemon T. Wezeman, Alexandra Kuimova and Pieter D. Wezeman
     4. IV. The financial value of states’ arms exports Pieter D. Wezeman, Alexandra Kuimova and Siemon T. Wezeman
  3. 10. World nuclear forces
     • Overview Hans M. Kristensen and Matt Korda
     1. I. United States nuclear forces Hans M. Kristensen and Matt Korda
     2. II. Russian nuclear forces Hans M. Kristensen and Matt Korda
     3. III. British nuclear forces Hans M. Kristensen and Matt Korda
     4. IV. French nuclear forces Hans M. Kristensen and Matt Korda
     5. V. Chinese nuclear forces Hans M. Kristensen and Matt Korda
     6. VI. Indian nuclear forces Hans M. Kristensen and Matt Korda
     7. VII. Pakistani nuclear forces Hans M. Kristensen and Matt Korda
     8. VIII. Israeli nuclear forces Hans M. Kristensen and Matt Korda
     9. IX. North Korean nuclear forces Hans M. Kristensen and Matt Korda
     10. X. Global stocks and production of Fissile materials, 2021 Moritz Kütt, Zia Mian and Pavel Podvig International Panel on Fissile Materials

• Part III. Non-proliferation, arms control and disarmament, 2021

  1. 11. Nuclear disarmament, arms control and non-proliferation
     • Overview Tytti Erästö, Vitaly Fedchenko and Lora Saalman
     1. I. Bilateral and multilateral nuclear arms control involving China, Russia and the United States Lora Saalman
     2. II. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action on Iran’s nuclear programme Tytti Erästö
     3. III. Multilateral nuclear arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation treaties and initiatives Tytti Erästö and Vitaly Fedchenko
  2. 12. Chemical, biological and health security threats
     • Overview Filippa Lentzos and Una Jakob
     1. I. The unfolding Covid-19 pandemic Filippa Lentzos
     2. II. Biological weapon disarmament and non-proliferation Filippa Lentzos
     3. III. Allegations of chemical weapons use in Syria Una Jakob
     4. IV. Chemical arms control and disarmament Una Jakob
  3. 13. Conventional arms control and regulation of new weapon technologies
     • Overview Ian Davis
     1. I. Multilateral regulation of inhumane weapons and other conventional weapons of humanitarian concern Ian Davis and Giovanna Maletta
     2. II. Intergovernmental efforts to address the challenges posed by autonomous weapon systems Laura Bruun
     3. III. The withdrawal of Russia from the Treaty on Open Skies Alexander Graef
     4. IV. International transparency in arms procurement and military expenditure as confidence-building measures Pieter D. Wezeman and Siemon T. Wezeman
     5. V. Cyberspace and the malicious use of information and communications technology Allison Pytlak
     6. VI. Developments in space security Nivedita Raju
  4. 14. Dual-use and arms trade controls
     • Overview Mark Bromley
     1. I. The Arms Trade Treaty Giovanna Maletta and Andrea Edoardo Varisco
     2. II. Multilateral arms embargoes Mark Bromley and Pieter D. Wezeman
     3. III. The multilateral export control regimes Kolja Brockmann
     4. IV. Developments in the European Union’s dual-use and arms trade controls Mark Bromley, Kolja Brockmann and Giovanna Maletta

• Annexes

  1. Annex A. Arms control and disarmament agreements
     1. I. Universal treaties
     2. II. Regional treaties
     3. III. Bilateral treaties
  2. Annex B. International security cooperation bodies
     1. I. Bodies with a global focus or membership
     2. II. Bodies with a regional focus or membership
     3. III. Strategic trade control regimes
  3. Annex C. Chronology 2021

• About the authors

• Errata

• Index