Contents

SIPRI Yearbook 2014

SIPRI Yearbook 2014
Contents
Preface
Abbreviations and conventions
SIPRI Yearbook online
- How to access the SIPRI Yearbook online
- Contact information
Introduction
Introduction. International security, armaments and disarmament
- I. Global and regional security
- II. Dynamics of peace and conflict
- III. The relationship between science and security
- IV. Conclusions
1. Aspects of the conflict in Syria
- Overview
- I. Measuring conflict incidence in Syria
- II. Restricting arms supplies to Syria
- III. Arms control implications of the use of chemical weapons in Syria
Part I. Security and conflicts, 2013
2. Armed conflict
- Overview
- I. Mediation and peace agreements
- II. The United Nations Security Council in state-based armed conflicts, 2003–12
- III. Patterns of organized violence, 2003–12
- IV. The Global Peace Index 2013
3. Peace operations and conflict management
- Overview
- I. Global and regional trends in peace operations
- II. Peace operations in Africa
- III. Table of multilateral peace operations, 2013
Part II. Military spending and armaments, 2013
4. Military expenditure and arms production
- Overview
- I. Global developments in military expenditure
- II. US military expenditure
- III. Military spending and regional security in the Asia–Pacific
- IV. The reporting of military expenditure data to the United Nations
- V. The SIPRI Top 100 arms-producing and military services companies, 2012
- VI. Military expenditure data, 2004–13
5. International arms transfers
- Overview
- I. Developments in arms transfers, 2013
- II. Transfers of long-range guided missiles
- III. Transparency in arms transfers
- IV. The financial value of states’ arms exports
6 World Nuclear Forces
- Overview
- I. Us nuclear forces
- II. Russian nuclear forces
- III. British nuclear forces
- IV. French nuclear forces
- V. Chinese nuclear forces
- VI. Indian nuclear forces
- VII. Pakistani nuclear forces
- VIII. Israeli nuclear forces
- IX. North Korea's military nuclear capabilities
- X. Global stocks and production of fissile materials
- XI. Nuclear explosions, 1945–2013
Part III. Non-proliferation, arms control and disarmament, 2013
7. Nuclear arms control and non-proliferation
- Overview
- I. Iran and nuclear proliferation concerns
- II. North Korea's nuclear programme
- III. Russian–US cooperation on reducing nuclear risks
- IV. Developments related to multilateral treaties and initiatives on nuclear arms control and non-proliferation
8. Reducing security threats from chemical and biological materials
- Overview
- I. Chemical and biological weapon programmes
- II. Chemical weapon arms control and disarmament
- III. Biological weapon arms control and disarmament
- IV. Oversight of dual-purpose research in the life sciences
9. Conventional arms control and military confidence building
- Overview
- I. Humanitarian arms control initiatives
- II. The governance of autonomous weapons
- III. Confidence-building measures for information and communication technologies
- IV. European debates and discussions on conventional arms control
10. Dual-use and arms trade controls
- Overview
- I. The Arms Trade Treaty
- II. Multilateral arms embargoes
- III. Export control regimes
Annexes
Annex A. Arms control and disarmament agreements
- I. Universal treaties
- II. Regional treaties
- III. Bilateral treaties
Annex B. International security cooperation bodies
- I. Bodies with a global focus or membership
- II. Bodies with a regional focus or membership
- III. Strategic trade control regimes
Annex C. Chronology 2013
About the authors
Errata

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SIPRI Yearbook 2014

II. US military expenditure

Chapter:: 4. Military expenditure and arms production
Source:: SIPRI Yearbook 2014
Author(s):: Sam Perlo-Freeman, Carina Solmirano, Helen Wilandh, Noel Kelly, Pieter D. Wezeman, Neil Ferguson

Military spending by the United States declined by 7.8 per cent in real terms in 2013, to $640 billion. Total US military spending includes core spending by the Department of Defense (DOD)—the ‘base budget’—plus spending by the Department of Energy on the nuclear arsenal, spending by the Department of State on foreign military aid and the costs of Overseas Contingency Operations (OCO, foreign military operations).¹ Decreased spending on OCO accounted for around $20 billion of the total nominal-terms fall of $45 billion in US military spending in 2013 (see figure 4.4).² This fall was largely the result of US withdrawal from Iraq at the end of 2011; since the US financial year (FY) 2012 ran from October 2011 to September 2012, this was the last financial year in which US troops were present in Iraq, and was when much of the costs of the withdrawal itself fell.

Citation (MLA):: Perlo-Freeman, Sam, Carina Solmirano, Helen Wilandh, Noel Kelly, Pieter D. Wezeman, and Neil Ferguson. "4. Military expenditure and arms production." SIPRI Yearbook. SIPRI. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2016. Web. 21 Jan. 2025. <https://www.sipriyearbook.org/view/9780198712596/sipri-9780198712596-chapter-5-div1-3.xml>.
Citation (APA):: Perlo-Freeman, S., Solmirano, C., Wilandh, H., Kelly, N., Wezeman, P., & Ferguson, N. (2016). 4. Military expenditure and arms production. In SIPRI, SIPRI Yearbook 2014: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Retrieved 21 Jan. 2025, from https://www.sipriyearbook.org/view/9780198712596/sipri-9780198712596-chapter-5-div1-3.xml
Citation (Chicago):: Perlo-Freeman, Sam, Carina Solmirano, Helen Wilandh, Noel Kelly, Pieter D. Wezeman, and Neil Ferguson. "4. Military expenditure and arms production." In SIPRI Yearbook 2014: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security, SIPRI. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016). Retrieved 21 Jan. 2025, from https://www.sipriyearbook.org/view/9780198712596/sipri-9780198712596-chapter-5-div1-3.xml

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