About the authors

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SIPRI Yearbook 2018

• José Alvarado Cóbar (Guatemala) is a Research Assistant in SIPRI’s Peace and Development Programme, conducting research on gender and conflict. Prior to joining SIPRI, he completed his graduate thesis on the fragmentation of women’s organizations during peace processes and the potential outcomes during post-conflict peacebuilding. He has also conducted research on human trafficking, gang violence and mining conflicts in the United States and Guatemala, as well as on the monitoring and evaluation of health and education projects in Jordan.

• Dr Ian Anthony (United Kingdom) is the Director of SIPRI’s European Security Programme. His recent publications include ‘Våldets polarisering i svenska städer’ [The polarization of violence in Swedish cities], Våldsbejakande extremism [Violent extremism] (SOU, Aug. 2017, co-author, in Swedish); ‘Secure Cities: Inclusivity, resilience and safety’, SIPRI Insights on Peace and Security no. 2017/3 (Aug. 2017); ‘European Security after the INF Treaty’, Survival: Global Politics and Strategy (Dec. 2017–Jan. 2018); ‘Closing Sweden’s military security deficit: The national debate on NATO membership’ (NATO Defence College, Mar. 2018, co-author); and ‘Military dimensions of a multipolar world: Implications for global governance’, Strategic Analysis (May 2018).

• Dr Sibylle Bauer (Germany) is the Director of Studies for Armament and Disarmament at SIPRI. Since 2018 she is also the Director of SIPRI’s Disarmament, Arms Control and Non-proliferation Programme, having previously lead and established SIPRI’s Dual-use and Arms Trade Control Programme. In that capacity, she designed and implemented capacity-building activities in Europe and South East Asia. Before joining SIPRI in 2003, she was a Researcher at the Institute for European Studies (ULB) in Brussels. Her recent publications include ‘3D printing and missile technology controls’, SIPRI Background Paper (Nov. 2017, co-author); Challenges and Good Practices in the Implementation of the EU’s Arms and Dual-use Export Controls: A Cross-sector Analysis (SIPRI, July 2017, co-author); and Setting the Stage for Progress towards Nuclear Disarmament (SIPRI, Apr. 2018, co-author).

• Kolja Brockmann (Germany) is a Research Assistant in SIPRI’s Dual-use and Arms Trade Control Programme. He conducts research in the field of non-proliferation and export control, focusing on compliance, transfers of technology, additive manufacturing and the Arms Trade Treaty. Previously, he did a European Union Non-Proliferation Consortium internship at SIPRI and an internship at the German Federal Office for Economic Affairs and Export Control (BAFA). He received his MA in Non-Proliferation and International Security from King’s College London. His recent publications include The Challenge of Emerging Technologies to Export Controls: Controlling Additive Manufacturing and Intangible Transfers of Technology (Apr. 2018, co-author) and Challenges and Good Practices in the Implementation of the EU’s Arms and Dual-use Export Controls: A Cross-sector Analysis (July 2017, co-author).

• Mark Bromley (United Kingdom) is the Director of SIPRI’s Dual-use and Arms Trade Control Programme, where his work focuses on national, regional and international efforts to regulate the international arms trade. Previously, he was a Policy Analyst for the British American Security Information Council (BASIC). His recent publications include ‘Export controls, human security and cyber-surveillance technology: Examining the proposed changes to the EU Dual-use Regulation’ (SIPRI, Dec. 2017); ‘Challenges and good practices in the implementation of the EU’s arms and dual-use export controls: A cross-sector analysis’ (SIPRI, 2017, co-author); and ‘ATT-related outreach assistance in Latin America and the Caribbean: Identifying gaps and improving coordination’, SIPRI Background Paper (Feb. 2017, co-author).

• Dr Marina Caparini (Canada) is a Senior Researcher within Peace and Development at SIPRI. Her research focuses on peacebuilding and the nexus between security and development. She has conducted research on diverse aspects of security and justice governance in post-conflict and post-authoritarian contexts, including police development, intelligence oversight, civil-military relations, anti-corruption measures, and the regulation of private military and security companies. Recently, she has focused on police in peace support operations and capacity building, and policy responses to forced displacement, irregular migration, organized crime and violent extremism. Prior to joining SIPRI in December 2016, she held senior positions at the Norwegian Institute for International Affairs, the International Center for Transitional Justice and the Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces.

• Dr Ian Davis (United Kingdom) is the Executive Editor of the SIPRI Yearbook and an Associate Senior Fellow within Armament and Disarmament at SIPRI. From 2014–16 he was the Director of SIPRI’s Editorial, Publications and Library Department, responsible for supervising a team of editors and managing the departmental budget and workflow. Prior to joining SIPRI, he held several senior positions and worked as an independent human security and arms-control consultant. He has a long record of research and publication on international and regional security issues and blogs on NATO-related issues. His recent publications include The British Bomb and NATO: Six Decades of Contributing to NATO’s Strategic Nuclear Deterrent (Nov. 2015).

• Dr Tytti Erästö (Finland) is a Researcher in SIPRI’s Nuclear Weapons Project, within the Disarmament, Arms Control and Non-proliferation Programme. Her recent and current research focuses on the Iran nuclear deal, the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, the United States/NATO–Russia missile defence dispute, and the global disarmament and non-proliferation regime. Previously, she worked at the Ploughshares Fund in Washington, DC; the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard Kennedy School; the Vienna Center for Disarmament and Non-Proliferation; and the Tampere Peace Research Institute in Finland. Her recent publications include ‘Time for Europe to put Iran’s missile programme in context’, SIPRI Topical Backgrounder (Oct. 2017) and ‘Will the EU and the USA part ways on the Iran deal?’, SIPRI Topical Backgrounder (Oct. 2017, co-author).

• Vitaly Fedchenko (Russia) is a Senior Researcher in SIPRI’s European Security Programme, responsible for nuclear security issues and the political, technological and educational dimensions of nuclear arms control and non-proliferation. Previously, he was a visiting researcher at SIPRI and worked at the Center for Policy Studies in Russia and the Institute for Applied International Research in Moscow. He is the author or co-author of several publications on nuclear forensics, nuclear security, international non-proliferation and disarmament assistance, nuclear forces and the international nuclear fuel cycle.

• Dr Aude Fleurant (Canada/France) is the Director of SIPRI’s Arms and Military Expenditure Programme. Her research interests focus on the transformation of the military market and analysis of the interaction of supply and demand dynamics. Previously, she was the Director of Arms and Defence Economics at the Military Academy Strategic Research Institute in Paris. She has authored many articles on the arms industry and military expenditure during her tenures at the Military Academy and at SIPRI. Her recent publications include ‘Trends in world military expenditure, 2017’, SIPRI Fact Sheet (May 2018, co-author) and ‘Trends in international arms transfers, 2017’, SIPRI Fact Sheet (Feb. 2018, co-author).

• Richard Ghiasy (Netherlands) is a Researcher and Project Manager in SIPRI’s China and Global Security Programme, where his overarching interest is the security–development nexus. He studies China’s foreign and security policy, European Union–China and China–Central Asia relations, Europe and Asia’s infrastructure and economic integration, and all affairs pertaining to Afghanistan’s politics, development and security. Recently, his research has concentrated on European and Asian economic, infrastructure and security integration. This is primarily through analysis of the Belt and Road Initiative’s security implications: The Silk Road Economic Belt: Considering Security Implications and EU-China Cooperation Prospects (SIPRI, Feb. 2017, co-author). Ghiasy has lived in China for extended periods and has conducted field research and presented his findings in more than 30 countries.

• Zoë Gorman (United States) is a Research Assistant in SIPRI’s Sahel/West Africa Programme. Her research interests include developing new methods for quantitative analysis of peace and security issues for policymaking and exploring the interplay of state conflict and violent extremism. She received a double major in political science and physics from Yale University and has written policy papers on security in Africa and the MENA region for the Center for Media and Peace Initiatives in New York, The Quilliam Foundation in London, and Innovations for Poverty Action in Accra. She also served as a Communications Coordinator at the United Nations General Assembly in 2015 and managed a successful political campaign in Alaska.

• Dr John Hart (United States) is a Senior Researcher and the Head of the Chemical and Biological Security Project in SIPRI’s Disarmament, Arms Control and Non-proliferation Programme. He has also worked as a Senior Consultant to the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO).

• Shannon N. Kile (United States) is a Senior Researcher and the Head of the Nuclear Weapons Project in SIPRI’s Disarmament, Arms Control and Non-proliferation Programme. His principal areas of research are nuclear arms control and non-proliferation, with a special interest in the nuclear programmes of Iran and North Korea. His work also looks at regional security issues related to Iran and the Middle East. He has contributed to numerous SIPRI publications, including chapters on nuclear arms control and nuclear forces and weapon technology for the SIPRI Yearbook since 1994.

• Dr Florian Krampe (Germany/Sweden) is a Researcher in SIPRI’s Climate Change and Risk Programme, specializing in peace and conflict research, environmental and climate security, and international security. His primary academic interest is the foundations of peace and security, especially the processes of building peace after armed conflict. He is currently focusing on climate security and the post-conflict management of natural resources, with a specific interest in the ecological foundations for a socially, economically and politically resilient peace. Krampe is an Affiliated Researcher at the Research School for International Water Cooperation in the Department of Peace and Conflict Research, Uppsala University, and part of the UNESCO Centre on International Water Cooperation.

• Hans M. Kristensen (Denmark) is the Director of the Nuclear Information Project at the Federation of American Scientists (FAS) and a SIPRI Associate Senior Fellow. He is a frequent consultant to the news media and institutes on nuclear weapon matters, and is co-author of the ‘Nuclear notebook’ column in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. His recent publications include ‘INF, New START and what really matters for US–Russian nuclear arms control’, Russia Matters (Feb. 2017), ‘The growing threat of nuclear war and the role of the health community’, World Medical Journal (Oct. 2016), and ‘Nuclear arsenals: current developments, trends and capabilities’, International Review of the Red Cross (July 2016, co-author).

• Alexandra Kuimova (Russia) is a Research Assistant in SIPRI’s Arms and Military Expenditure Programme. Working with SIPRI’s databases on military expenditure, the arms industry and arms transfers, she focuses on developments in the Middle East and North Africa region, and post-Soviet states. Before joining SIPRI, Kuimova was an Intern in the Department of New Challenges and Threats at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation. She has also completed summer internships at Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Morocco, and Cairo State University. Her recent publications include ‘Trends in international arms transfers, 2017’, SIPRI Fact Sheet (Mar. 2018, co-author) and ‘The SIPRI Top 100 arms-producing and military services companies, 2016’, SIPRI Fact Sheet (Dec. 2017, co-author).

• Dr Moritz Kütt (Germany) is a Postdoctoral Research Associate with the Program on Science and Global Security at Princeton University. His current research includes nuclear reactor simulations of fissile material production and elimination, and new nuclear warhead verification technologies for disarmament and arms control applications.

• Dr Jaïr van der Lijn (Netherlands) is the Director of SIPRI’s Peace Operations and Conflict Management Programme. He is also a Senior Research Fellow at the Netherlands Institute of International Relations ‘Clingendael’ and an Associate Fellow at the Radboud University in Nijmegen. His research interests include the future of peace operations, their evaluation and factors for success and failure, and comprehensive approaches in missions. His recent publications include Peacebuilding and Friction: Global and Local Encounters in Post-conflict Societies (Routledge, 2016, co-editor); ‘Peacekeepers under threat? Fatality trends in UN peace operations’, SIPRI Policy Brief (Sep. 2015, co-author); African Directions: Towards an Equitable Partnership in Peace Operations (SIPRI, 2017, co-author); and ‘Multilateral peace operations and the challenges of organized crime’, SIPRI Background Paper (Feb. 2018).

• Dr Diego Lopes da Silva (Brazil) is an Associate Researcher with SIPRI’s Arms and Military Expenditure Programme. He holds a PhD in Peace, Defense and International Security Studies from São Paulo State University. His publications have mainly addressed issues of arms trade and transparency in military expenditure. Prior to SIPRI, he held research positions at the Group of Defense Studies and International Security (GEDES) and the Latin American Security and Defense Network (RESDAL).

• Giovanna Maletta (Italy) is a Research Assistant in SIPRI’s Dual-use and Arms Trade Control Programme. Her research on export control covers compliance and enforcement issues, with a particular focus on the dual-use and arms export control policies of European Union (EU) member states. She also works with activities related to SIPRI’s role in the EU Non-proliferation and Disarmament Consortium. Her recent publications include The Challenge of Software and Technology Transfers to Non-proliferation Efforts: Implementing and Complying with Export Controls (SIPRI, Apr. 2018, co-author) and Challenges and Good Practices in the Implementation of the EU’s Arms and Dual-use Export Controls: A Cross-sector Analysis (SIPRI, July 2017, co-author).

• Dr Neil Melvin (United Kingdom) is the Director of SIPRI’s Horn of Africa Peace and Security Project. Previously, he has held senior positions at the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe, the Energy Charter Secretariat and the European Union. He has also held posts at the Centre for European Studies and the Royal Institute of International Affairs (Chatham House), as well as teaching positions at the London School of Economics, the University of Leeds and the Brussels School of International Studies. Melvin has been a Visiting Research Fellow at Harvard University, and he has a DPhil from the University of Oxford.

• Dr Zia Mian (Pakistan/United Kingdom) is the Co-Director of the Programme on Science and Global Security at Princeton University, where he also directs the Project on Peace and Security in South Asia. His work focuses on nuclear weapons, arms control and disarmament, and nuclear energy issues in India and Pakistan. He is co-editor of the journal Science & Global Security and co-chair of the International Panel on Fissile Materials. He is co-author of Unmaking the Bomb: A Fissile Material Approach to Nuclear Disarmament and Nonproliferation (MIT Press, 2014).

• Dr Pavel Podvig (Russia) is a Researcher in the Program on Science and Global Security at Princeton University and a Senior Research Fellow at the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). He began his work on security issues at the Center for Arms Control Studies at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), which was the first independent research organization in Russia dedicated to analysis of technical issues related to arms control and disarmament. Podvig directs his own research project, Russian Nuclear Forces (RussianForces.org). He is also a Co-editor of Science & Global Security and a member of the International Panel on Fissile Materials.

• Timo Smit (Netherlands/Sweden) is a Researcher in SIPRI’s Peace Operations and Conflict Management Programme. He is in charge of SIPRI’s database on multilateral peace operations and conducts research on trends in peace operations and various related thematic issues. Prior to rejoining SIPRI in 2014, he worked for the European Union Institute for Security Studies (EUISS) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Parliamentary Assembly. His recent publications include African Directions: Towards an Equitable Partnership in Peace Operations (SIPRI, 2017, co-author) and ‘Multilateral peace operations and the challenges of terrorism and violent extremism’, SIPRI Background Paper (Nov. 2017).

• Dan Smith (United Kingdom) is the Director of SIPRI. He has a long record of research and publication on a wide range of conflict and peace issues. His current work focuses on the relationship between climate change and insecurity, on peace and security issues in the Middle East and on global conflict trends. He served four years in the United Nations Peacebuilding Fund Advisory Group, two of which (2010–11) were as the Chair. From 2014 to 2017 he was also a Professor of Peace & Conflict at the University of Manchester. He is the author of successive editions of atlases of politics, war and peace, and the Middle East, and of a blog on international politics.

• Fei Su (China) is a Research Assistant in SIPRI’s China and Global Security Programme, first joining in March 2015 as a Beijing-based representative. Her research interests focus on China’s foreign and security policy, especially China’s engagement with North Korea, South Korea and Japan. She is currently conducting research within the field of geo-economics in a project that analyses the security implications of China’s Maritime Silk Road in the South China Sea and Indian Ocean Region. Prior to joining SIPRI, Su studied in Seoul for three years, where she strengthened her fluency in Korean. She holds an MA in Public Administration from the Graduate School of Public Administration at Seoul National University, focusing on governance. She wrote her Korean-language dissertation on the impact of government size on corruption in China.

• Dr Nan Tian (South Africa) is a Researcher in SIPRI’s Arms and Military Expenditure Programme, where he leads the Military Expenditure Project. His region of expertise is Africa and Latin America, with research interests focused on the causes and impact of military expenditure and civil conflict, and the issues relating to transparency and accountability in military budgeting, spending and procurement. Previously, he worked as an Economist on climate change at the World-Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and was a Lecturer at the University of Cape Town. He has published in Defence and Peace Economics; The Economics of Peace and Security Journal; and Peace Economics, Peace Science and Public Policy.

• Johanna Trittenbach (Germany) was an intern in SIPRI’s Dual-use and Arms Trade Control Programme (Nov. 2017–Feb. 2018), where she worked on the challenges of emerging technologies to arms export controls, as well as on various databases. Her research interests focus on international and regional disarmament and arms control agreements, their implementation and their compliance. Prior to commencing her post-graduate studies in Public International Law, she is currently doing an internship at the United Nations Regional Centre for Peace and Disarmament in Asia and the Pacific (UNRCPD) in Kathmandu, working on implementing a pilot programme on small arms and light weapons (SALW) control from a gender perspective.

• Maaike Verbruggen (Netherlands) is a PhD Researcher at the Institute for European Studies, Vrije Universiteit Brussel. From 2016–17 she worked as a Research Assistant at SIPRI, where she researched emerging military and security technologies. Her area of expertise is the challenges that emerging military technologies pose for arms control. Of special interest are the implications of the changing nature of science and technology for military innovation, and the potential synergies between arms control regimes to regulate emerging military technologies. She has an MPhil in Peace and Conflict Studies from the University of Oslo, and has done traineeships at the United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs, and the Department for Non-Proliferation, Disarmament, Arms Control and Arms Export Controls at the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

• Pieter D. Wezeman (Netherlands/Sweden) is a Senior Researcher in SIPRI’s Arms and Military Expenditure Programme. He has contributed to many SIPRI publications since 1994, including SIPRI’s annual reviews of global trends in arms transfers, arms industry and military expenditure. Among other things, he has published on military expenditure and capabilities in the Middle East, multilateral arms embargoes, arms flows to Africa, and the European arms industry. In 2003–2006 he also worked as a Senior Analyst on arms proliferation for the Dutch Ministry of Defence, and in 2017 as a Technical Expert for the United Nations Group of Governmental Experts during a review of the UN Report on Military Expenditure.

• Siemon T. Wezeman (Netherlands) is a Senior Researcher in SIPRI’s Arms and Military Expenditure Programme. His areas of research include the monitoring of arms transfers, military spending and arms-producing companies, with a particular focus on the Asia–Pacific and the former Soviet regions, the use of weapons in conflicts, transparency in arms transfers, and the development of conventional military technologies. His recent publications include ‘Military capabilities in the Arctic: A new cold war in the high North?’, SIPRI Background Paper (Oct. 2016); ‘Trends in world military expenditure, 2017’, SIPRI Fact Sheet (May 2018, co-author); and ‘Trends in international arms transfers, 2017’, SIPRI Fact Sheet (Feb. 2018, co-author).