Contents

Chapter:

Source:

SIPRI Yearbook 2023

Author(s):

Stockholm International Peace Research Institute

• Preface

• Abbreviations and conventions

• SIPRI Yearbook online

• Introduction

  1. 1. Introduction: International stability and human security in 2022 Dan Smith
     1. I. Food and geopolitics
     2. II. Great power relations
     3. III. Arms control and nuclear non-proliferation
     4. IV. Climate change and environmental diplomacy
     5. V. The course of the war in Ukraine
     6. VI. Unanswered questions

• Part I. Armed conflict and conflict management, 2022

  1. 2. Trends in armed conflict
     • Overview Richard Gowan
     1. I. Global and regional trends and developments in armed conflicts Richard Gowan
     2. II. International conflict management and peace processes Richard Gowan
     3. III. Table of armed conflicts active in 2022 Ian Davis
  2. 3. Multilateral peace operations
     • Overview Claudia Pfeifer Cruz and Timo Smit
     1. I. Global trends and developments in peace operations Claudia Pfeifer Cruz and Timo Smit
     2. II. Organizations conducting multilateral peace operations Claudia Pfeifer Cruz and Timo Smit
     3. III. The way forward for multilateral peace operations Claudia Pfeifer Cruz
     4. IV. Table of multilateral peace operations, 2022 Claudia Pfeifer Cruz
  3. 4. Private military and security companies in armed conflict
     • Overview Ori Swed, Marina Caparini and Sorcha Macleod
     1. I. The global growth of private military and security companies: Trends, actors and issues of concern Ori swed
     2. II. Private military and security companies in sub-Saharan Africa Marina Caparini
     3. III. The current regulatory landscape for private military and security companies Sorcha Macleod

• Part II. Military spending and armaments, 2022

  1. 5. Military expenditure and arms production
     • Overview Diego Lopes da Silva
     1. I. Global developments in military expenditure, 2022 Diego Lopes da Silva, Nan Tian, Lucie Béraud-Sudreau, Lorenzo Scarazzato and Xiao Liang
     2. II. Regional developments in military expenditure, 2022 Nan Tian, Xiao Liang, Lucie Béraud-Sudreau, Diego Lopes da Silva, Lorenzo Scarazzato and Ana Carolina de Oliveira Assis
     3. III. Arms-producing and military services companies, 2021 Xiao Liang, Ana Carolina de Oliveira Assis, Anastasia Cucino, Madison Lipson and Sanem Topal
  2. 6. International arms transfers
     • Overview Siemon T. Wezeman
     1. I. Global trends in arms transfers, 2018-22 Siemon T. Wezeman and Pieter D. Wezeman
     2. II. Developments among the suppliers of major arms, 2018-22 Siemon T. Wezeman and Pieter D. Wezeman
     3. III. Developments among the recipients of major arms, 2018-22 Siemon T. Wezeman and Pieter D. Wezeman
  3. 7. World nuclear forces
     • Overview Hans M. Kristensen and Matt Korda
     1. I. United States nuclear forces Hans M. Kristensen and Matt Korda
     2. II. Russian nuclear forces Hans M. Kristensen and Matt Korda
     3. III. British nuclear forces Hans M. Kristensen and Matt Korda
     4. IV. French nuclear forces Hans M. Kristensen and Matt Korda
     5. V. Chinese nuclear forces Hans M. Kristensen and Matt Korda
     6. VI. Indian nuclear forces Hans M. Kristensen and Matt Korda
     7. VII. Pakistani nuclear forces Hans M. Kristensen and Matt Korda
     8. VIII. North Korean nuclear forces Hans M. Kristensen and Matt Korda
     9. IX. Israeli nuclear forces Hans M. Kristensen and Matt Korda
     10. X. Global stocks and production of fissile materials, 2022 Moritz Kütt, Zia Mian and Pavel Podvig

• Part III. Non-proliferation, arms control and disarmament, 2022

  1. 8. Nuclear disarmament, arms control and non-proliferation
     • Overview Tytti Erästö, Wilfred Wan and Vitaly Fedchenko
     1. I. Bilateral and multilateral nuclear arms control involving China, Russia and the United States Wilfred Wan
     2. II. The 10th review conference of the Non-Proliferation Treaty Wilfred Wan
     3. III. The first meeting of states parties to the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons Tytti Erästö
     4. IV. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action on Iran’s nuclear programme Tytti Erästö
     5. V. Attacks on nuclear installations in Ukraine and the response missions of the International Atomic Energy Agency Vitaly Fedchenko, Iryna Maksymenko and Polina Sinovets
  2. 9. Chemical, biological and health security threats
     • Overview Filippa Lentzos and Una Jakob
     1. I. Health security Filippa Lentzos
     2. II. Biological weapon allegations Filippa Lentzos
     3. III. Biological weapon disarmament and non-proliferation Filippa Lentzos
     4. IV. Allegations of and reactions to chemical weapon use Una Jakob
     5. V. Chemical weapon control and disarmament Una Jakob
  3. 10. Conventional arms control and regulation of new weapon technologies
     • Overview Ian Davis
     1. I. The Russia–Ukraine War and conventional arms control in Europe Ian Davis
     2. II. Multilateral regulation of inhumane weapons and other conventional weapons of humanitarian concern Ian Davis and Giovanna Maletta
     3. III. Intergovernmental efforts to address the challenges posed by autonomous weapon systems Vincent Boulanin
     4. IV. International transparency in arms procurement and military expenditure as confidence-building measures Pieter D. Wezeman and Siemon T. Wezeman
     5. V. The Hague Code of Conduct against Ballistic Missile Proliferation Kolja Brockmann and Lauriane Héau
  4. 11. Space and cyberspace
     • Overview Nivedita Raju and Lora Saalman
     1. I. The space–cyber nexus Nivedita Raju and Lora Saalman
     2. II. Space attacks and cyberattacks in Ukraine Nivedita Raju and Lora Saalman
     3. III. Developments in space governance and the impact of the war in Ukraine Nivedita Raju
     4. IV. Developments in governance of cyberspace and the impact of the war in Ukraine Lora Saalman
  5. 12. Dual-use and arms trade controls
     • Overview Mark Bromley
     1. I. The Arms Trade Treaty Giovanna Maletta and Lauriane Héau
     2. II. Multilateral arms embargoes Pieter D. Wezeman
     3. III. The role and impact of multilateral trade restrictions on Russia and Belarus Mark Bromley
     4. IV. The multilateral export control regimes Kolja Brockmann
     5. V. Developments in the European Union’s dual-use and arms trade controls Kolja Brockmann, Mark Bromley and Giovanna Maletta

• Annexes

  1. Annex A. Arms control and disarmament agreements
     1. I. Universal treaties
     2. II. Regional treaties
     3. III. Bilateral treaties
  2. Annex B. International security cooperation bodies
     1. I. Bodies with a global focus or membership
     2. II. Bodies with a regional focus or membership
     3. III. Strategic trade control regimes
  3. Annex C. Chronology 2022

• About the authors