Contents

SIPRI Yearbook 2010

SIPRI Yearbook 2010: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgements
Abstracts
Abbreviations and conventions
Introduction
- I. Overview
- II. SIPRI Yearbook 2010: highlights and findings
- III. Conclusions
1. A world without nuclear weapons: fantasy or necessity?
- I. Introduction
- II. Staged reductions in Russian and US nuclear weapons
- III. Broadening the circle: involving other nuclear-armed states in a campaign to eliminate nuclear weapons
- IV. Ancillary agreements necessary to support and sustain a world without nuclear weapons
- V. Deterrence in a world without nuclear weapons
- VI. Governance and institution building: how much must change?
- VII. How political and doctrinal changes pave the way for international agreements: the US case
- VIII. Conclusions: looking ahead
2. Armed conflict, crime and criminal violence
- I. Introduction
- II. Crime and criminal violence: data, methodology and global trends
- III. Transnational crime in armed conflict settings
- IV. A new type of armed conflict?
- V. Conclusions
- Appendix 2A. Patterns of major armed conflicts, 2000–2009
- Appendix 2B. The Global Peace Index 2010
3. Civilian roles in peace operations
- I. Introduction
- II. Addressing the civilian capacity gap in peace operations
- III. The UN Mission in Sudan
- IV. Conclusions
- Appendix 3A. Multilateral peace operations, 2009
4. Euro-Atlantic security and institutions: rebalancing in the midst of global change
- I. Introduction
- II. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization
- III. The European Union
- IV. Renewing pan-European security cooperation?
- V. Conclusions
5. Military expenditure
- I. Introduction
- II. Africa
- III. Latin America
- IV. The Middle East
- V. Asia and Oceania
- VI. Europe
- VII. North America
- VIII. Conclusions
- Appendix 5A. Military expenditure data, 2000–2009
- Appendix 5B. The reporting of military expenditure data
6. Arms production
- I. Introduction
- II. The SIPRI Top 100 arms-producing companies, 2008
- III. Mergers and acquisitions, 2009
- IV. The limited impact of the financial crisis on the arms industry
- V. Conclusions: continuity despite the crisis
- Appendix 6A. The SIPRI Top 100 arms-producing companies, 2008
- Appendix 6B. Major arms industry acquisitions, 2009
7. International arms transfers
- I. Introduction
- II. Major supplier developments, 2009
- III. Arms transfers to North Africa
- IV. Arms transfers to Iraq
- V. Conclusions
- Appendix 7A. The suppliers and recipients of major conventional weapons, 2005–2009
  - I. Introduction
  - II. Sources and methods for arms transfers data
- Appendix 7B. The financial value of the arms trade, 1999–2008
- Appendix 7C. Transparency in arms transfers
8. World nuclear forces
- I. Introduction
- II. US nuclear forces
- III. Russian nuclear forces
- IV. British nuclear forces
- V. French nuclear forces
- VI. Chinese nuclear forces
- VII. Indian nuclear forces
- VIII. Pakistani nuclear forces
- IX. Israeli nuclear forces
- X. North Korea’s military nuclear capabilities
- XI. Conclusions
- Appendix 8A. Global stocks of fissile materials, 2009
- Appendix 8B. Nuclear explosions, 1945–2009
9. Nuclear arms control and non-proliferation
- I. Introduction
- II. Russian–US strategic nuclear arms control
- III. Iran and nuclear proliferation concerns
- IV. The impasse over North Korea’s nuclear programme
- V. Proliferation concerns in Syria and Myanmar
- VI. Developments related to multilateral treaties and initiatives
- VII. New nuclear weapon-free zones
- VIII. Conclusions
10. Reducing security threats from chemical and biological materials
- I. Introduction
- II. The threats posed by chemical and biological material
- III. Biological weapon arms control and disarmament
- IV. Chemical weapon arms control and disarmament
- V. Allegations of violations and prior programmes and activities
- VI. Prevention, response and remediation
- VII. Conclusions
11. Conventional arms control
- I. Introduction
- II. European arms control
- III. Building military security cooperation in the OSCE area
- IV. Control of inhumane weapons
- V. Conclusions
12. Controls on security-related international transfers
- I. Introduction
- II. United Nations Security Council resolutions on transfers of proliferation-sensitive items
- III. Developments in multilateral export control regimes
- IV. Supply-side and cooperative measures in the European Union
- V. Conclusions
- Appendix 12A. Multilateral arms embargoes, 2009
Annex A. Arms control and disarmament agreements
- I. Universal treaties
- II. Regional treaties
- III. Bilateral treaties
Annex B. International security cooperation bodies
Annex C. Chronology 2009
About the authors
Errata

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SIPRI Yearbook 2010

II. The nuclear test in North Korea

Chapter:: 8. World nuclear forces
Source:: SIPRI Yearbook 2010
Author(s):: Vitaly Fedchenko

On 29 April 2009 North Korea’s official news agency, the Korean Central News Agency (KCNA), issued a statement warning that the country was prepared to conduct a nuclear test explosion as a response to the imposition of sanctions by the United Nations Security Council.² On 25 May 2009 the Chinese and United States governments were reportedly given less than one hour’s notice that North Korea would conduct a nuclear test.³ The explosion itself took place at 00:54 UTC.⁴ At 02:24 UTC the International Monitoring System (IMS) of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization Preparatory Commission (CTBTO) issued the first report to CTBTO member states on the time, location and magnitude of the event.⁵ A few hours later the KCNA announced that North Korea had conducted ‘one more successful underground nuclear test’ that was ‘on a new higher level in terms of its explosive power and technology’.⁶

Citation (MLA):: Fedchenko, Vitaly. "8. World nuclear forces." SIPRI Yearbook. SIPRI. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2016. Web. 28 Mar. 2025. <https://www.sipriyearbook.org/view/9780199581122/sipri-9780199581122-div1-82.xml>.
Citation (APA):: Fedchenko, V. (2016). 8. World nuclear forces. In SIPRI, SIPRI Yearbook 2010: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Retrieved 28 Mar. 2025, from https://www.sipriyearbook.org/view/9780199581122/sipri-9780199581122-div1-82.xml
Citation (Chicago):: Fedchenko, Vitaly. "8. World nuclear forces." In SIPRI Yearbook 2010: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security, SIPRI. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016). Retrieved 28 Mar. 2025, from https://www.sipriyearbook.org/view/9780199581122/sipri-9780199581122-div1-82.xml

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